Yoga intervention on blood NO in female migraineurs

Authors

1 Department of Physiology, Physiology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

2 Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran

3 Department of Neurology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Abstract

Background: The current survey investigates the effect of 12 weeks yoga training on headache frequency, severity, duration and blood nitric oxide levels as well as headache impacts on female migraineurs' lives.
Materials and Methods: Thirty-two female patients with migraine took part and were randomly divided into two groups. The control group (n = 14) received medication and the yoga group (n = 18) participated in 12 weeks yoga training in addition to receiving the same medication as that of the control group. Frequency and duration of headache were assessed by a questionnaire. Visual Analogue Scale was used to measure the severity of headache, and the metabolite of NO also was measured by Griess reaction. Headache Impact Test ( HIT-6) was also used to assess the impact of headache on patients' lives. Data were analyzed by t-test mean variance.
Results: After 3 months intervention, in the yoga group, there was a significant reduction in the impact of headache on patients' lives, headache frequency, and severity and a non-significant reduction in headache duration in the yoga group. There was no significant difference in the plasma levels of NO between yoga and control groups before and after the study.
Conclusion: Based on the results, yoga could be recommended as a complementary method to migraine patients.

Keywords

1.
Mirzaei GM. A review of common migraine in girls high school and related fall in education in Shahrekord region. J Shahrekord Univ Med Sci 2004;5:55-62.   Back to cited text no. 1
    
2.
Buse DC, Loder EW, Gorman JA, Stewart WF, Reed ML, Fanning KM, et al. Sex differences in the prevalence, symptoms, and associated features of migraine, probable migraine and other severe headache: Results of American migraine prevalence and prevention (AMPP) study. Headache 2013;53:1278-99.  Back to cited text no. 2
    
3.
Vanmolkot FH, Van Bortel LM, de Hoon JN. Altered arterial function in migraine of recent onset. Neurology 2007;68:1563-70.  Back to cited text no. 3
    
4.
Rist PM, Diener HC, Kurth T, Schürks M. Migraine, migraine aura, and cervical artery dissection: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cephalalgia 2011;31:886-96.  Back to cited text no. 4
    
5.
Rist PM, Schürks M, Buring JE, Kurth T. Migraine, headache, and the risk of depression: Prospective cohort study. Cephalalgia 2013;33:1017-25.  Back to cited text no. 5
    
6.
Savi L, Rainero I, Valfrè W, Gentile S, Lo Giudice R, Pinessi L. Food and headache attacks. A comparison of patients with migraine and tension-type headache. Panminerva Med 2002;44:27-31.  Back to cited text no. 6
    
7.
Singman EL, Matta NS, Silbert DI. Case report: Migraine caused by abnormal head posture in a patient with ptosis. Am Orthopt J 2010;60:101-2.  Back to cited text no. 7
    
8.
Hershey AD. Menstrual migraine: How early can it start? Headache 2009;49:348-9.  Back to cited text no. 8
    
9.
Hanington E. Diet and migraine. J Hum Nutr 1980;34:175-80.  Back to cited text no. 9
    
10.
Diamond S, Freitag FG, Solomon GD, Millstein E. Migraine headache. Working for the best outcome. Postgrad Med 1987;81:174-6, 179-83.  Back to cited text no. 10
    
11.
Eszenyi-Halasy M, Lehoczky T. Migraine and brain tumor. Acta Med Acad Sci Hung 1953;4:93-104.  Back to cited text no. 11
    
12.
Amery WK. Migraine and cerebral hypoxia: A hypothesis with pharmacotheraputic implications. Cephalalgia 1985;5 (Suppl 2):131-3.  Back to cited text no. 12
    
13.
Robbins MS, Bronheim R, Lipton RB, Grosberg BM, Vollbracht S, Sheftell FD, et al. Depression and anxiety in episodic and chronic cluster headache: A pilot study. Headache 2012;52:600-11.  Back to cited text no. 13
    
14.
Tronvik E, Zwart JA, Hagen K, Dyb G, Holmen TL, Stovner LJ. Association between blood pressure measures and recurrent headache in adolescents: Cross-sectional data from the HUNT- youth study. J Headache Pain 2011;12:347-53.  Back to cited text no. 14
    
15.
Láinez MJ, Piera A, Bono G. Headache attributed to head or neck trauma. Handb Clin Neurol 2010;97:501-16.  Back to cited text no. 15
    
16.
Lauritzen M. Cortical spreading depression in migraine. Cephalalgia 2001;21:757-60.  Back to cited text no. 16
    
17.
Schoenen J. The pathophysiology of migraine: A review based on the literature and on personal contributions. Funct Neurol 1998;13:7-15.  Back to cited text no. 17
    
18.
Messlinger K, Fischer MJ, Lennerz JK. Neuropeptid effects in trigeminal system: Pathophysiology and clinical relevance in migraine. Keio J Med 2011;60:82-9.  Back to cited text no. 18
    
19.
Shimizu T, Suzuki N. Perspective of pathophysiology and treatment of migraine. Brain Nerve 2012;64:59-64.  Back to cited text no. 19
    
20.
Green DJ, Maiorana A, O'Driscoll G, Tailor R. Effect of exercise training on endothelium- derived nitric oxide function in humans. J Physiol 2004;561:1-25.  Back to cited text no. 20
    
21.
Toda N, Ayajiki K, Okamura T. Cerebral flow regulation by nitric oxide: Recent advances. Pharmacol Rev 2009;61:62-97.  Back to cited text no. 21
    
22.
Narin SO, Pinar L, Erbas D, Oztürk V, Idiman F. The effects of exercise and exercise-related changes in blood nitric oxide level on migraine headache. Clin Rehabil 2003;17:624-30.  Back to cited text no. 22
    
23.
Classification and diagnostic criteria for headache disorders, cranial neuralgias and facial pain. Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society. Cephalalgia 1988;8 (Suppl 7):1-96.  Back to cited text no. 23
    
24.
Zengin MO, Elmas Z, Cinar E, Kucukerdonmez C. Choroidal thickness changes in patients with migraine. Acta Neurol Belg 2014. [Epub ahead of print].  Back to cited text no. 24
    
25.
Turkcuer I, Serinken M, Eken C, Yilmaz A, Akdag Ö, Uyan E, et al. Intravenous paracetamol versus dexketoprofen in acute migraine attack in the emergency department: A randomised clinical trial. Emerg Med J 2014;31:182-5.  Back to cited text no. 25
    
26.
Pirbudak L, Sevinç A, Maralcan G, Kýlýç E. Pain management with intrathecal clonidine in a colon cancer patient with opioid hyperalgesia: Case presentation. Agri 2014;26:93-6.  Back to cited text no. 26
    
27.
Yamada K, Suzuki A, Takahashi S, Yasuda H, Koike T, Nakamura H. Severe low back pain in patients with rheumatoid arthritis is associated with disease activity score but not with radiological findings on plain X-rays. Mod Rheumatol 2014;19:1-6.  Back to cited text no. 27
    
28.
Pai S, Ghezzi EM, Ship JA. Development of visual analogue scale questionnaire for subjective assessment of salivary dysfunction. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2001;91:311-6.  Back to cited text no. 28
    
29.
Shin HE, Park JW, Kim YI, Lee KS. Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6) scores for migraine patients: Their relation to disability as measured from a headache diary. J clin Neurol. 2008;4:158-63.  Back to cited text no. 29
    
30.
Haghjooy Javanmard S, Nematbakhsh M, Monajemi A. L-arginine supplementation influenced nitrite but not nitrate and total nitrite in rabbit model of hypercholesterolemia. Iran Biomed J 2008;12:179-84.  Back to cited text no. 30
    
31.
Sharma N, Singhal S, Singh AP, Sharma CM. Effectiveness of integrated yoga therapy in treatment of chronic migraine: Randomized controlled trial. J Headache Pain 2013;14 (Suppl 1):116.  Back to cited text no. 31
    
32.
John PJ, Sharma N, Sharma CM, Kankane A. Effectiveness of yoga therapy in the treatment of migraine without aura: A randomized controlled trial. Headache 2007;47:654-61.  Back to cited text no. 32
    
33.
http://www.yogajournal.com/practice/974. [Last accessed on 2013 Aug 12]  Back to cited text no. 33
    
34.
Chillot R. Stop headache… like magic. Prevention 1998;50:98-108.  Back to cited text no. 34
    
35.
Darling M. The use of exercise as a method of aborting migraine. Headache 1991;31:616-8.  Back to cited text no. 35
    
36.
Swain RA, Kaplan B. Diagnosis, prophylaxis and treatment of headaches in the athlete. South Med J 1997;90:878-88.  Back to cited text no. 36
    
37.
Wells RE, Bertisch SM, Buettner C, Phillips RS, McCarthy EP. Complementary and alternative medicine use among adults with migraines/severe headaches. Headache 2011;51:1087-97.  Back to cited text no. 37
    
38.
Narin SO, Pinar L, Erbas D, Oztürk V, Idiman F, The effects of exercise and exercise-related changes in blood nitric oxide level on migraine headache. Clin Rehabil 2003;17:624-30.  Back to cited text no. 38
    
39.
Jungersten L, Ambring A, Wall B, Wennmalm A. Both physical fitness and acute exercise regulate nitric oxide formation in healthy humans. J Appl Physiol (1985) 1997;82:760-4.  Back to cited text no. 39
    
40.
Available from: http://www.healthandyoga.com/html/research_papers/pp.aspx. [Last accessed on 2013 Mar 10].  Back to cited text no. 40
    
41.
Bradley WG, Daroff RB, Fenichel GM, Marsden CD. Neurology in Clinical Practice: Principles of Diagnosis and Management. 2 nd edition, Volume 2. Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann; 1996. p. 1695-701.  Back to cited text no. 41
    
42.
Varin R, Mulder P, Richard V, Tamion F, Devaux C, Henry JP, et al. Exercise improves flow-mediated vasodilatation of skeletal muscle arteries in rats with chronic heart failure. Role of nitric oxide, prostanoids, and oxidant stress. Circulation 1999;99:2951-7.  Back to cited text no. 42
    
43.
Diamond S. Managing migraines in active people. Phys Sportsmed 1996;24:41-53.  Back to cited text no. 43
    
44.
Thomsen LL, Olesen J. Nitric oxide theory of migraine. Clin Neurosci 1998;5:28-33.  Back to cited text no. 44
    
45.
Indo T, Takahashi A. Swimmer's migraine. Headache 1990;30:485-7.  Back to cited text no. 45
    
46.
Sarris J, Moylan S, Camfield DA, Pase MP, Mischoulon D, Berk M, et al. Complementary medicine, exercise, meditation, diet, and lifestyle modification for anxiety disorders: A review current of evidence. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2012;2012:809653.  Back to cited text no. 46
    
47.
Manchanda SC, Narang R. Yoga for coronary artery disease. Indian Heart J 1998;50:227-8.  Back to cited text no. 47
    
48.
Murugesan R, Govindarajulu N, Bera TK. Effect of selected yogic practices on the management of hypertension. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2000;44:207-10.  Back to cited text no. 48
    
49.
Li AW, Goldsmith CA. The effects of yoga on anxiety and stress. Altern Med Rev 2012;17:21-35.  Back to cited text no. 49