Preparation and characterization of poly (hydroxy butyrate)/chitosan blend scaffolds for tissue engineering applications

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Saeed Karbasi 1
Saied Nouri Khorasani 2
Somayeh Ebrahimi 2
Shahla Khalili 1
Farnoosh Fekrat 1
Davoud Sadeghi 1
1 Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, School of Advance Technology in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2 Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
Abstract
Background: Poly (hydroxy butyrate) (PHB) is a biodegradable and biocompatible polymer with good mechanical properties. This polymer could be a promising material for scaffolds if some features improve.
Materials and Methods: In the present work, new PHB/chitosan blend scaffolds were prepared as a three-dimensional substrate in cartilage tissue engineering. Chitosan in different weight percent was added to PHB and solved in trifluoroacetic acid. Statistical Taguchi method was employed in the design of experiments.
Results: The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy test revealed that the crystallization of PHB in these blends is suppressed with increasing the amount of chitosan. Scanning electron microscopy images showed a thin and rough top layer with a nodular structure, supported with a porous sub-layer in the surface of the scaffolds. In vitro degradation rate of the scaffolds was higher than pure PHB scaffolds. Maximum degradation rate has been seen for the scaffold with 90% wt. NaCl and 40% wt. chitosan.
Conclusions: The obtained results suggest that these newly developed PHB/chitosan blend scaffolds may serve as a three-dimensional substrate in cartilage tissue engineering.

Keywords

1.
Misra SK, Valappil SP, Roy I, Boccaccini AR. Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA)/inorganic phase composites for tissue engineering applications. Biomacromolecules 2006;7:2249-58.  Back to cited text no. 1
    
2.
Lee SB, Kim YH, Chong MS, Hong SH, Lee YM. Study of gelatin-containing artificial skin V: Fabrication of gelatin scaffolds using a salt-leaching method. Biomaterials 2005;26:1961-8.  Back to cited text no. 2
    
3.
Cao W, Wang A, Jing D, Gong Y, Zhao N, Zhang X. Novel biodegradable films and scaffolds of chitosan blended with poly(3-hydroxybutyrate). J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 2005;16:1379-94.  Back to cited text no. 3
    
4.
Ikejima T, Yagi K, Inoue Y. Thermal properties and crystallization behavior of poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid) in blends with chitin and chitosan. Macromol Chem Phys 1999;200:413-21.  Back to cited text no. 4
    
5.
Ikejima T, Inoue Y. Crystallization behavior and environmental biodegradability of the blend films of poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid) with chitin and chitosan. Carbohydr Polym 2000;41:351-6.  Back to cited text no. 5
    
6.
Shih WJ, Chen YH, Shih CJ, Hon MH, Wang MC. Structural and morphological studies on poly(3-hydroxybutyrate acid) (PHB)/chitosan drug releasing microspheres prepared by both single and double emulsion processes. J Alloys Compd 2007;434:826-9.  Back to cited text no. 6
    
7.
Bazzo GC, Lemos-Senna E, Pires AT. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)/chitosan/ketoprofen or piroxicam composite microparticles: Preparation and controlled drug release evaluation. Carbohydr Polym 2009;77:839-44.  Back to cited text no. 7
    
8.
Bergmann A, Owen A. Hydroxyapatite as a filler for biosynthetic PHB homopolymer andP(HB–HV) copolymers. J Polym Int 2003;52:1145-52.  Back to cited text no. 8
    
9.
Lien SM, Ko LY, Huang TJ. Effect of pore size on ECM secretion and cell growth in gelatin scaffold for articular cartilage tissue engineering. Acta Biomater 2009;5:670-9.  Back to cited text no. 9
    
10.
Karageorgiou V, Kaplan D. Porosity of 3D biomaterial scaffolds and osteogenesis. Biomaterials 2005;26:5474-91.  Back to cited text no. 10
    
11.
Iriondo P, Iruin JJ, Fernandez-Berridi MJ. Association equilibria and miscibility prediction in blends of poly(vinylphenol) with poly(hydroxybutyrate) and related homo-and copolymers: An FTIR study. Macromolecules 1996;29:5605-10.  Back to cited text no. 11
    
12.
Drelich J, Miller JD, Good RJ. The effect of drop (bubble) size on advancing and receding contact angles for heterogeneous and rough solid surfaces as observed with sessile-drop and captive-bubble techniques. J Colloid Interface Sci 1996;179:37-50.  Back to cited text no. 12
Advanced Biomedical Research
Volume 2016, November
November 2016
Pages 1-7