Advanced Biomedical Research
Malignant Transformation of an Intracranial Extradural Epidermoid Cyst into Squamous Cell Carcinoma Presented with Cerebrospinal Fluid Leakage
Document Type : CASE REPORT
Authors
1 Department of Neurosurgery, Al Zahra Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2 Department of Pathology, Al Zahra Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Abstract
We report a case of malignant transformation of an intracranial extradural epidermoid cyst into squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), that presented with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage at the time of recurrence. Intracranial epidermoid cysts are histologically benign and slow-growing neoplasms. They are congenital lesions that develop from ectodermal remnants during neuroembryogenesis. Malignant transformation of epidermoid cysts into SCC is very rare. Various clinical presentations of these tumors after malignant transformation are mentioned in the literature. None of the previous cases, presented with CSF leakage as the recent case did. In cases of malignant transformation, surgical resection and then adjuvant radiation therapy are highly recommended.
Keywords
| 1. |
Kim MS, Kim OL. Primary intracranial squamous cell carcinoma in the brain stem with a cerebellopontine angle epidermoid cyst. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2008;44:401-4.  |
| 2. |
Ahmed I, Auguste KI, Vachhrajani S, Dirks PB, Drake JM, Rutka JT. Neurosurgical management of intracranial epidermoid tumors in children. Clinical article. J Neurosurg Pediatr 2009;4:91-6. |
| 3. |
Hamlat A, Hua ZF, Saikali S, Egreteau J, Guegan Y. Malignant transformation of intracranial epidermoid cyst with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis: Case report. Acta Neurol Belg 2003;103:221-4. |
| 4. |
Chon KH, Lee JM, Koh EJ, Choi HY. Malignant transformation of an epidermoid cyst in the cerebellopontine angle. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2012;52:148-51. |
| 5. |
Lakhdar F, Hakkou el M, Gana R, Maaqili RM, Bellakhdar F. Malignant transformation six months after removal of intracranial epidermoid cyst: A case report. Case Rep Neurol Med 2011;2011:525289. |
| 6. |
Chen S, Ikawa F, Kurisu K, Arita K, Takaba J, Kanou Y. Quantitative MR evaluation of intracranial epidermoid tumors by fast fluid-attenuated inversion recovery imaging and echo-planar diffusion-weighted imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2001;22:1089-96. |
| 7. |
Osborn AG, Preece MT. Intracranial cysts: Radiologic-pathologic correlation and imaging approach. Radiology 2006;239:650-64. |
| 8. |
Nakao Y, Nonaka S, Yamamoto T, Oyama K, Esaki T, Tange Y, et al. Malignant transformation 20 years after partial removal of intracranial epidermoid cyst – case report. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2010;50:236-9. |
| 9. |
Tamura K, Aoyagi M, Wakimoto H, Tamaki M, Yamamoto K, Yamamoto M, et al. Malignant transformation eight years after removal of a benign epidermoid cyst: A case report. J Neurooncol 2006;79:67-72. |
| 10. |
Kano T, Ikota H, Kobayashi S, Iwasa S, Kurosaki S, Wada H. Malignant transformation of an intracranial large epidermoid cyst with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis: Case report. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2010;50:349-53.
|
)