Central Beneficial Effects of Trimetazidine on Psychomotor Performance in Normal Healthy Volunteers

M Al-Kuraishy, Hayder; Al-Gareeb, Ali I

Central Beneficial Effects of Trimetazidine on Psychomotor Performance in Normal Healthy Volunteers

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq

Abstract

Background: Trimetazidine is a fatty oxidation inhibitor, leading to shifting of energy substrate from fatty acid oxidation toward glucose oxidation that leads to the reduction of oxygen requirement. The aims of the present study were to elucidate the effects of trimetazidine on psychomotor performance and vigilance on normal healthy volunteers. Materials and Methods: A total of 234 subjects (age 22–25 years) were recruited in this study. The volunteers were randomizing into two groups with 117 volunteers in each group. Group I received an inert starch capsule served as a control, and Group II received trimetazidine tablet 15 mg/day. The duration of therapy was 5 days. Test procedure was done at 9.00 a.m. on the psychomotor tester. Before the drug administration, prescore values were recorded and then after 5 days of therapy, the postscore values were recorded. Results: The placebo did not demonstrate a significant effect on all psychomotor performances and flicker-fusion elements (P > 0.05). Trimetazidine therapy produced a highly significant effect on all components of psychomotor performances and flicker-fusion parameters (P < 0.001) compared with pretreatment era. Conclusion: We conclude that trimetazidine improves psychomotor performance and vigilance in normal healthy volunteers through advancing total reaction time and critical flicker-fusion frequency.

Keywords

References

1.	Sandhiya S, Dkhar SA, Pillai AA, George M, Jayaraman B, Chandrasekaran A. Comparison of ranolazine and trimetazidine on glycemic status in diabetic patients with coronary artery disease – A randomized controlled trial. J Clin Diagn Res 2015;9:OC01-5.
2.	Peng S, Zhao M, Wan J, Fang Q, Fang D, Li K. The efficacy of trimetazidine on stable angina pectoris: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Int J Cardiol 2014;177:780-5.
3.	Zhang F, Huang B, Zhao Y, Tang S, Xu H, Wang L, et al. BNC Protects H9c2 Cardiomyoblasts from H 2 O 2 -Induced Oxidative Injury through ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2013;2013:802784.
4.	Iqbal S, Baziany A, Hussain M, James S, Wright S, Hemmings S, et al. Trimetazidine as a potential neuroprotectant in transient global ischemia in gerbils: A behavioral and histological study. Brain Res 2002;928:1-7.
5.	Hassanzadeh G, Hosseini A, Pasbakhsh P, Akbari M, Ghaffarpour M, Takzare N, et al. Trimetazidine prevents oxidative changes induced in a rat model of sporadic type of Alzheimer's disease. Acta Med Iran 2015;53:17-24.
6.	Dhote V, Balaraman R. Anti-oxidant activity mediated neuroprotective potential of trimetazidine on focal cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2008;35:630-7.
7.	Nowak P, Zagzil T, Konecki J, Szczerbak G, Szkilnik R, Niwinski J, et al. Trimetazidine increases [3H] glucose uptake in rat brain. Pharmacol Rep 2006;58:559-61.
8.	Hoffman LA, Sklar AL, Nixon SJ. The effects of acute alcohol on psychomotor, set-shifting, and working memory performance in older men and women. Alcohol 2015;49:185-91.
9.	Müller U, Rowe JB, Rittman T, Lewis C, Robbins TW, Sahakian BJ. Effects of modafinil on non-verbal cognition, task enjoyment and creative thinking in healthy volunteers. Neuropharmacology 2013;64:490-5.
10.	Faraji J, Soltanpour N, Jafari SY, Moeeini R, Pakdel S, Moharreri A, et al. Stress inhibits psychomotor performance differently in simple and complex open field environments. Horm Behav 2014;65:66-75.
11.	Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI. Advanced central effects of yohimbine on the cognitive function, psychomotor performance task and working memory: A randomized controlled clinical trial study. Br J Pharm Res 2015;5:328-35.
12.	Erbas O, Akseki HS, Eliküçük B, Taskiran D. Antipsychotic-like effect of trimetazidine in a rodent model. ScientificWorldJournal 2013;2013:686304.
13.	Mewborn C, Duda B, Lindbergh C, Terry D, Puente A, Bovier E, et al. A-09processing speed and critical flicker fusion as mediators of age and cognition. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2014;29:506-7.
14.	Mironova OP, Zarubina IV, Krivoruchko BI, Smirnov AV. Antioxidant effects of amtizol and trimetazidine in brain ischemia. Patol Fiziol Eksp Ter; 2001:13-6.
15.	Jain S, Bharal N, Mediratta PK, Sharma KK. Trimetazidine exerts protection against increasing current electroshock seizure test in mice. Seizure 2010;19:300-2.
16.	Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI, Ashor AW. Effect of a single dose of dextromethorphan on psychomotor performance and working memory capacity. Indian J Psychol Med 2012;34:140-3. [PUBMED] [Full text]
17.	Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI, Albuhadilly AK, ALmgoter BM. Modulation effects of piracetam and Ginkgo biloba on the cognitive and working memory functions: Psychometric Study. Curr Psychopharmacol 2014;3:87-92.
18.	Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI. Co-administration effects of α-lipoic acid and nucleo CMP on arousal and sensory cortical activity. J Young Pharm 2016;8:12-7.
19.	Arora E, Khajuria V, Tandon VR, Sharma A, Choudhary N. Comparative evaluation of aliskiren, ramipril, and losartan on psychomotor performance in healthy volunteers: A preliminary report. Perspect Clin Res 2014;5:190-4. [PUBMED] [Full text]
20.	Magistretti PJ, Allaman I. A cellular perspective on brain energy metabolism and functional imaging. Neuron 2015;86:883-901.
21.	Gauthier S, Lopez OL, Waldemar G, Jones RW, Cummings J, Zhang R, et al. Effects of donepezil on activities of daily living: Integrated analysis of patient data from studies in mild, moderate and severe Alzheimer's disease. Int Psychogeriatr 2010;22:973-83.
22.	Khan M, Meduru S, Mostafa M, Khan S, Hideg K, Kuppusamy P. Trimetazidine, administered at the onset of reperfusion, ameliorates myocardial dysfunction and injury by activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and Akt signaling. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2010;333:421-9.
23.	Bernardi L, Costa VP, Shiroma LO. Flicker perimetry in healthy subjects: Influence of age and gender, learning effect and short-term fluctuation. Arq Bras Oftalmol 2007;70:91-9.
24.	Ilamkar KR. Psychomotor retardation, attention deficit and executive dysfunctional in young non-hospitalised un-medicated non-psychotic unipolar depression patients. J Clin Diagn Res 2014;8:124-6.

Advanced Biomedical Research