Effect of Religious Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Religious Obsessive-compulsive Disorder (3 and 6 months Follow-up)

Aouchekian, Shahla; Karimi, Roya; Najafi, Mostafa; Shafiee, Katayon; Maracy, Mohammadreza; Almasi, Asiyeh

Effect of Religious Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Religious Obsessive-compulsive Disorder (3 and 6 months Follow-up)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

² Psychosomatic Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

³ Department of Epidemiologic and Statistical, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Abstract

Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic disorder that strongly affects one's life and social, emotional, and occupational functioning. Due to the effect of religious beliefs on phenomenology of OCD, in this paper, we assess the effectiveness of religious cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) within 3 and 6 months follow-up. Materials and Methods: This study is a clinical trial with follow-ups which last 2 months consisting eight sessions of 1.5 h of religious CBT. The research is conducted in a group of 40, with pre- and post-test after 3 and 6 months. Used Yale-Brown OCD symptom scale, before, the end, after 3 months and after 6 months of intervention. Treatment is carried out by a psychiatrist and a clergyman through religious CBT. The trial is held in OCD clinic affiliated with Noor Hospital. Results are analyzed by ANOVA repeated measure with SPSS18. Results: The results showed a considerable decrease in OCD symptoms which remained almost persistent after 3 and 6 months (F = 3/54. P = 0/024). It also shows that religious CBT can leave substantial effect on OCD symptoms; permanency of this intervention after 3 and 6 months is noticeable (P < 0/001). In Conclusion this therapy could be helpful for OCD patients with religious content. Conclusion: RCBT have a positive effect on people with religious obsessive -compulsive.

Keywords

References

1.	Bystritsky A, Liberman RP, Hwang S, Wallace CJ, Vapnik T, Maindment K, et al. Social functioning and quality of life comparisons between obsessive-compulsive and schizophrenic disorders. Depress Anxiety 2001;14:214-8. [PUBMED]
2.	Rosa Alcazar A, Sanchez Meca J, Gomez-Comes A, Marin Martinez F. Psychological treatment of obsessive - Compulsive disabler. E spinner o Campus, University of Murcia; 2008. p. 30100.
3.	Center for addiction and mental health treatment for OCD: Cognitive - Behavioral therapy informal guide; World Center Addiction and Mental Health Publication; 2008.
4.	Menzies RG, de Silva R. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Theory, Research and Treatment. Willy Publisher; 2003.
5.	Bieling, Macabe, Antony. Cognitive - Behavior Therapy in Groups. Tehran University; 2006.
6.	Sadock BJ, Sadock VA. Contribution of psychiatry. A Comprehensive Text Book of Psychiatry. Philadelphia Publication: 2005. p. 615-6.
7.	Nedeljkovic M, Moulding R, Kyrios M, Doron G. The relationship of cognitive confidence to OCD symptoms. J Anxiety Disord 2009;23:463-8. [PUBMED]
8.	Hermesh H, Masser-Kavitzky R, Gross-Isseroff R. Obsessive-compulsive disorder and Jewish religiosity. J Nerv Ment Dis 2003;191:201-3. [PUBMED]
9.	Sica C, Novara C, Sanavio E. Religiousness and obsessive-compulsive cognitions and symptoms in an Italian population. Behav Res Ther 2002;40:813-23. [PUBMED]
10.	Tek C, Ulug B. Religiosity and religious obsessions in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychiatry Res 2001;104:99-108. [PUBMED]
11.	Alinaghi F, Jamshid M. Obsessive- Compulsive Disorder and Treatment. Marefat Journal 2012. p. 75.
12.	Denys D, Zohar J, Westenberg HG. The role of dopamine in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Preclinical and clinical evidence. J Clin Psychiatry 2004;65 (Suppl 14):11-7. [PUBMED]
13.	Joel D, Doljansky J. Selective alleviation of compulsive lever-pressing in rats by D1, but not D2, blockade: Possible implications for the involvement of D1 receptors in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Neuropsychopharmacology 2003;28:77-85. [PUBMED]
14.	Westenberg HG, Fineberg NA, Denys D. Neurobiology of obsessive compulsive disorder: Serotonin and beyond. CNS Spectr 2007;12 (2 Suppl 3):14-27.
15.	Ting JT, Feng G. Glutamatergic synaptic dysfunction and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Curr Chem Genomics 2008;2:62-75. [PUBMED]
16.	Harsanyi A, Csigo K, Demeter G, Nemeth A. New approach to obsessive-compulsive disorder: Dopaminergic theories. Psychiatr Hung 2007;22:248-58.
17.	Pittenger C, Krystal JH, Coric V. Glutamate-modulating drugs as novel pharmacotherapeutic agents in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. NeuroRx 2006;3:69-81. [PUBMED]
18.	Bhattacharyya S, Chakraborty K. Glutamatergic dysfunction - Newer targets for anti-obsessional drugs. Recent Pat CNS Drug Discov 2007;2:47-55. [PUBMED]
19.	Denys D. Pharmacotherapy of obsessive-compulsive disorder and obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders. Psychiatr Clin North Am 2006;29:553-84, xi. [PUBMED]
20.	Stein DJ, Ipser JC, Baldwin DS, Bandelow B. Treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. CNS Spectr 2007;12 Suppl 3:S28-835.
21.	Huppert JD, Schultz LT, Foa EB, Barlow DH, Davidson JR, Gorman JM, et al. Differential response to placebo among patients with social phobia, panic disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Am J Psychiatry 2004;161:1485-7. [PUBMED]
22.	Bland RC, Newman SC, Orn H. Age and remission of psychiatric disorders. Can J Psychiatry 1997;42:722-9. [PUBMED]
23.	Akuchekian SH. The effect of religious cognitive behavior on quality of life OCD patients.science direct publication, 2006.
24.	Bayanzade, Bolhari, Dadfar. The effect of religious cognitive- behavior therapy on OCD patients. Behaviour Science J. Isfahan Medical University; 2003. p. 44.
25.	Moalemi SH. The comparative religious counseling and behavior therapy on OCD. Behavior Science Journal: Isfahan Medical University; 2005.
26.	Almasi.A, Akuchekiyan SH, The effect of religious cognitive behavior therapy on OCD symptom and marital. Satisfaction. Science Direct Publication. Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan Branch; 2011.
27.	Braga DT, Cordioli AV, Niederauer K, Manfro GG. Cognitive-behavioral group therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder: A 1-year follow-up. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2005;112:180-6. [PUBMED]
28.	Hedman E, Furmark T, Carlbring P, Ljotsson B, Ruck C, Lindefors N, et al. A 5-Year follow-up of internet-based cognitive behavior therapy for social anxiety disorder. J Med Internet Res 2011;13:e39.
29.	Kendall PC, Southam-Gerow MA. Long-term follow-up of a cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxiety-disordered youth. J Consult Clin Psychol 1996;64:724-30. [PUBMED]

Advanced Biomedical Research