Anti-Toxoplasma activities of the hydroalcoholic extract of some brassicaceae species

Montazeri, Mahbobeh; Mirzaee, Fatemeh; Daryani, Ahmad; Naeimayi, Raheleh; Karimabad, Shohre Moradi; Arjmandi, Hadiseh Khalilzadeh; Esmaealzadeh, Niusha; Shahani, Somayeh

Anti-Toxoplasma activities of the hydroalcoholic extract of some brassicaceae species

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Toxoplasmosis Research Center; Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

² Student Research Committee; Department of Pharmacognosy and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

³ Toxoplasmosis Research Center; Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

⁴ Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

⁵ Department of Pharmacognosy and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

Abstract

Background: Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is a protozoan parasite that infects a wide range of warm-blooded animals and humans. The conventional anti-Toxoplasma treatments cause significant toxicity. Brassicaceae family contains several medicinal plants with anti-inflammatory, chemopreventive, insecticide, antibacterial, antiviral, and antiparasitic effects. In this study, the hydroalcoholic extract of some Brassicaceae species was investigated against T. gondii in vitro. Materials and Methods: Seeds of Alyssum homolocarpum, Lepidium perfoliatum, Lepidium sativum, and aerial parts of Nasturtium officinale and Capsella bursa-pastoris were extracted by maceration method using 80% ethanol. Vero cells were treated with different concentrations (5–600 μg/mL) of the extracts and pyrimethamine (as positive control), and the cellular viability was verified. Next, Vero cells were infected by T. gondii tachyzoites (RH strain), and the viability of the infected cells was measured by a colorimetric 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Results: The 50% inhibitory concentration values were 5.1, 14.67, 32.49, 37.31, 71.35, and 2.63 μg/mL, and the selectivity indices were 8.06, 2.59, 0.74, 0.78, 0.65 (P < 0.05 compared with positive control), and 3.03 for L. sativum, L. perfoliatum, N. officinale, A. homolocarpum, C. bursa-pastoris, and pyrimethamine, respectively. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that the hydroalcoholic extracts of L. sativum and L. perfoliatum have the promising anti-Toxoplasma activity by growth inhibition of T. gondii tachyzoites in infected cells.

Keywords

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